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Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice
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Impact of Violence on Problem Behavior Among Adolescents

Risk Factors Among an Urban Sample

Zina T. McGee

Hampton University

Spencer R. Baker

Hampton University

This article measures the effects of exposure to violence on problem behavior (adjustment outcomes) among 306 African American middle and high school students in the state of Virginia. Relying on recent research examining the relationship between violent events and problem behavior, the study uses structural equation modeling to examine internalizing and externalizing behavioral characteristics (i.e., delinquency, depression, negative self-esteem, and avoidance) among African American youth exposed to violence through direct victimization, witnessing violence, and association with delinquent peers. The results show a strong association between victimization experience and adjustment outcomes including internalizing (i.e., self-rejection, depression) and externalizing (i.e., offenses) problem behavior. The results also suggest a linkage between victimization and avoidance as a coping strategy. With regard to gender differences, the findings indicate a greater influence of victimization on offenses, self-rejection, and avoidance among men and a stronger influence of victimization on depression among women in the sample. Implications for intervention and future research are discussed.

Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, Vol. 18, No. 1, 74-93 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/1043986202018001006
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 The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social ScienceHome page
T. P. Thornberry
Explaining Multiple Patterns of Offending across the Life Course and across Generations
The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, November 1, 2005; 602(1): 156 - 195.
[Abstract] [PDF]